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Judge v. Canada, paras. 10.8–10.9.
Gunan v. Kyrgyzstan, para. 6.3.
Champagnie et al. v. Jamaica (CCPR/C/51/D/445/1991), paras. 7.3–7.4.
Safeguards guaranteeing protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty, para. 4; Ambaryan
v. Kyrgyzstan (CCPR/C/120/D/2162/2012), para. 9.2.
Francis v. Jamaica (CCPR/C/54/D/606/1994), para. 9.3.
Kamoyo v. Zambia (CCPR/C/104/D/1859/2009), paras. 6.3–6.4.
Yuzepchuk v. Belarus, paras. 8.5–8.6.
Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, art. 36 (1) (b). See also Inter-American Court of Human
Rights, The Right to Information on Consular Assistance in the Framework of the Guarantees of the
Due Process of Law, Advisory Opinion OC-16/99, 1 October 1999, para. 137.
Judge v. Canada, para. 10.9.
CCPR/C/USA/CO/4, para. 8.
Ibid.
African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights and
Interights v. Egypt (communication No. 334/06), decision of 1 March 2011, para. 204; International
Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International
Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991, Prosecutor v.
Furundžija (case No. IT-95-17/1-A), Appeals Chamber, judgment of 21 July 2000, para. 189.
Human Rights Committee, general comment No. 35, para. 45.
Human Rights Committee, general comment No. 32 (2007) on the right to equality before courts and
tribunals and to a fair trial, para. 22; CCPR/C/MDG/CO/3, para. 16; CCPR/C/79/Add.25, para. 9.
Human Rights Committee, general comment No. 33 (2008) on the obligations of States parties under
the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, para. 19.
Chikunova v. Uzbekistan, para. 7.6.
Chisanga v. Zambia, para. 7.5.
Kennedy v. Trinidad and Tobago, para. 7.4.
CCPR/CO/72/GTM, para. 18.
CCPR/CO/84/YEM, para. 15.
A/HRC/8/3 and Corr.1, para. 67.
CCPR/C/YEM/CO/5, para. 14.
Committee on the Rights of the Child, general comment No. 10 (2007) on children’s rights in juvenile
justice, para. 75.
Ibid., paras. 35 and 39.
CCPR/C/JPN/CO/6, para. 13. See also R.S. v. Trinidad and Tobago (CCPR/C/74/D/684/1996), para.
7.2.
CCPR/C/JPN/CO/5, para. 16.
CCPR/C/35/D/210/1986, para. 15.
Human Rights Committee, general comment No. 6, para. 6.
Second Additional Protocol to the Covenant, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, preamble.
CCPR/C/TCD/CO/1, para. 19.
Kindler v. Canada, para. 15.1.
Ng v. Canada, para. 16.2; European Court of Human Rights, Öcalan v. Turkey (application No.
46221/99), judgment of 12 May 2005, paras. 163–165.
Judge v. Canada, para. 10.3; A/HRC/36/27, para. 48; African Commission on Human and Peoples’
Rights, General Comment No. 3 on the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights: The Right to
Life (Article 4), para. 22.
Human Rights Committee, general comment No. 20 (1992) on the prohibition of torture or other
cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, para. 5; European Court of Human Rights, Gatt
v. Malta (application No. 28221/09), judgment of 27 July 2010, para. 29.
Human Rights Committee, general comment No. 33, para. 4; Birindwa and Tshisekedi v. Zaire,
communications Nos. 241 and 242/1987, para. 12.5; CCPR/C/MDV/CO/1, para. 26; Declaration on
the Right and Responsibility of Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society to Promote and Protect
Universally Recognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, art. 9 (4).
Declaration on the Right and Responsibility of Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society to Promote
and Protect Universally Recognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, art. 12 (2).
Aboufaied v. Libya (CCPR/C/104/D/1782/2008), paras. 7.4 and 7.6; El-Megreisi v. Libyan Arab
Jamahiriya (CCPR/C/50/D/440/1990), para. 5.4.
Human Rights Committee, general comment No. 31, para. 12.
Chisanga v. Zambia, para. 7.3.
Johnson v. Jamaica (CCPR/C/64/D/592/1994), para. 10.4.
Eshonov v. Uzbekistan, para. 9.10.
Kovaleva and Kozyar v. Belarus, para. 11.10.
CCPR/C/JPN/CO/6, para. 13.
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