CCPR/C/GC/36
respecting all of their obligations under international law. States parties that fail to take all
reasonable measures to settle their international disputes by peaceful means might fall short
of complying with their positive obligation to ensure the right to life.
Notes
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, art. 4; Human Rights Committee, general
comment No. 6 (1982) on the right to life, para. 1; general comment No. 14 (1984) on the right to life,
para. 1; Camargo v. Colombia, communication No. 45/1979, para. 13.1; Baboeram-Adhin et al. v.
Suriname, communications Nos. 146/1983 and 148–154/1983, para. 14.3.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, preamble.
Camargo v. Colombia, para. 13.2.
Human Rights Committee, general comment No. 35 (2014) on liberty and security of person, paras. 9
and 55.
Human Rights Committee, general comment No. 31 (2004) on the nature of the general legal
obligation imposed on States parties to the Covenant, para. 8. See also European Court of Human
Rights, Osman v. United Kingdom (case No. 87/1997/871/1083), judgment of 28 October 1998, para.
116.
Chongwe v. Zambia (CCPR/C/70/D/821/1998), para. 5.2. See also European Court of Human Rights,
İlhan v. Turkey (application No. 22277/93), judgment of 27 June 2000, paras. 75–76; Inter-American
Court of Human Rights, Rochela massacre v. Colombia, judgment of 11 May 2007, para. 127.
Mellet v. Ireland (CCPR/C/116/D/2324/2013), paras. 7.4–7.8; CCPR/C/IRL/CO/4, para. 9.
Human Rights Committee, general comment No. 28 (2000) on the equality of rights between men and
women, para. 10. See also, e.g., CCPR/C/ARG/CO/4, para. 13; CCPR/C/JAM/CO/3, para. 14;
CCPR/C/MDG/CO/3, para. 14.
CCPR/C/79/Add.97, para. 15.
See, e.g., CCPR/CO/79/GNQ, para. 9; CCPR/C/ZMB/CO/3, para. 18; CCPR/C/COL/CO/7, para. 21;
CCPR/C/MAR/CO/6, para. 22; CCPR/C/CMR/CO/5, para. 22.
See, e.g., CCPR/C/PAN/CO/3, para. 9; CCPR/C/MKD/CO/3, para. 11. See also World Health
Organization, Safe abortion: technical and policy guidance for health systems, 2nd ed. (Geneva,
2012), pp. 96–97.
CCPR/C/POL/CO/7, para. 24; CCPR/C/COL/CO/7, para. 21.
CCPR/C/CHL/CO/6, para. 15; CCPR/C/KAZ/CO/1, para. 11; CCPR/C/ROU/CO/5, para. 26.
CCPR/C/LKA/CO/5, para. 10; CCPR/C/MWI/CO/1/Add.1, para. 9; CCPR/C/ARG/CO/5, para. 12.
CCPR/C/POL/CO/6, para. 12; CCPR/C/COD/CO/4, para. 22.
CCPR/C/PAK/CO/1, para. 16; CCPR/C/BFA/CO/1, para. 20; CCPR/C/NAM/CO/2, para. 16.
CCPR/C/PAK/CO/1, para. 16.
Committee on the Rights of the Child, general comment No. 4 (2003) on adolescent health and
development in the context of the Convention, para. 11.
CCPR/C/79/Add.92, para. 11.
,
Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights general comment No. 14 (2000) on the right to
the highest attainable standard of health, para. 25.
CCPR/C/NLD/CO/4, para. 7.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, preamble.
African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, General Comment No. 3 on the African Charter
on Human and Peoples’ Rights: The Right to Life (Article 4) (2015), para. 12.
Gorji-Dinka v. Cameroon (CCPR/C/83/D/1134/2002), para. 5.1; Van Alphen v. Netherlands,
communication No. 305/1988, para. 5.8.
Camargo v. Colombia, para. 13.2.
Ibid., paras. 13.2–13.3.
A/HRC/17/28, para. 60.
Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, commentary to art. 3.
Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials, para. 9.
African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, Kazingachire et al v. Zimbabwe
(communication No. 295/04), decision of 12 October 2013, paras. 118–120.
Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials, para. 9.
European Court of Human Rights, McCann and others v. United Kingdom (application No.
18984/91), judgment of 27 September 1995, para. 150.
A/HRC/31/66, para. 54.
CCPR/C/NPL/CO/2, para. 10; CCPR/CO/81/LIE, para. 10.
CCPR/C/KEN/CO/3, para. 11; CCPR/C/CAF/CO/2, para. 12.
CCPR/C/USA/CO/4, para. 11; CCPR/C/USA/CO/3/Rev.1, para. 30.
CCPR/C/GBR/CO/6, para. 11.
Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, commentary to art. 1.
15