she is affiliated with. In the case of a person who does not work at an institution, enterprise or organization, the remuneration and travel expenses shall be borne by the institution who has called him or her. SECTION VII: COMMENCEMENT OF CRIMINAL CASE Article 82 (Commencement and Person in Charge of a Criminal Case) The handling of a criminal case shall commence from the time a detective decides to open an investigation. In cases where a detective does not decide to open an investigation, the handling of a criminal case shall commence from the time of the investigator or prosecutor’s decision to hand it over for investigation, the prosecutor’s decision to hand it over to preliminaries, or the ruling of the Court to hand it over to a prosecutor. Article 83 (Foundation of Commencement of Criminal Case) The commencement of a criminal case shall be on the basis of a report of a crime from an institution, enterprise, organization, or citizen. A criminal case many also commence based on criminal data the legal institution concerned has directly collected. Article 84 (Duty to Preserve Evidence and Report Crime) An institution, enterprise, organization or citizen who knows that a crime is being prepared or committed or has been committed shall preserve the crime scene, goods that are significant for resolving a crime, or documents so they do not spoil, and shall report it soon to people’s safety, prosecutorial, or safety and defence institutions. Article 85 (Form of Reporting Crime) Reports of crimes may be done orally or in writing. Article 86 (Method of Receiving Reports of Crime) The receipt of reports of crime shall be done by the method of receiving a declaration or a police report. The recipient of the report shall inform the reporter that he or she shall bear criminal liability if he or she makes a false report. On a declaration shall be stated the name and address of the reporter, and on a police report shall be stated things like the identity of the reporter, the content of the report, and a form of words that criminal liability shall be borne for false reports. Article 87 (Compulsory Receipt and Transfer of a Report of Crime) In the case of a report of crime, a people’s safety, prosecutorial, or safety and defence institution shall receive it regardless of jurisdiction and report data included in the jurisdiction of another institution shall soon be handed over to the institution concerned. Article 88 (Notice of Outcome of Report of Crime)