A/HRC/25/CRP.1 warrior, to become a killer of the enemies, going to the Republic of Korea and dying for the sake of Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-il.127 169. Children are encouraged to be willing to risk their lives for the values of Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-il, more so than for their own parents.128 Children are surrounded by patriotic images and slogans projecting Kim Il-sung as a fatherly figure, protecting the nation and providing for its citizens.129 Such messaging and indoctrination serves not only to create loyalty to the leader from a young age, but effectively works to fracture familial ties as children are expected to display greater respect and commitment towards the Supreme Leader than their own parents. 170. All school subjects are taught in a manner compatible with state ideology. For example, one witness described that, when reference was made to a chemical gas in chemistry lessons, a comparison had to be made between how the two Korean governments would use the gas.130 According to this rhetoric, while the DPRK aimed at industrial development, ROK would use it for tear gas against protestors discontented with the conditions of their lives. In a 1981 speech, Kim Il-sung had reminded that: It is important in class education to intensify anti-imperialist education, education against US imperialism and Japanese militarism. They are sworn enemies of the Korean people and the target that must be attacked in the Korean revolution. We must intensify anti-imperialist, anti-US and anti-Japanese education among Party members and the working people so that they fight indomitably against US imperialism and Japanese militarism. We must also educate people to harbour bitter hatred for the landlords, comprador capitalists, and reactionary bureaucrats the antipopular fascist ruling system of South Korea and to have the spirit to fight them without compromise.131 171. Article 29 of the CRC outlines the goals of education for children. Disproportionate time allocation to allow worship of the Kim family in school is contrary to these goals. Most alarming are the teachings of hate, violence and racism in direct contravention of subarticles (1)(c) and (d) of article 29. (b) The Mass Games and other compulsory mass propaganda events 172. Children and university students in the DPRK are regularly required to participate in parades, mass rallies and other choreographed performances which serve a political purpose. The largest of these performances is the annual mass gymnastics, today generally referred to as the Mass Games. 173. The Games feature approximately 100,000 children and young adults in a minutely choreographed display of gymnastics, dance, acrobatics, and dramatic performance. In a lengthy talk delivered to the producers of the Mass Games, Kim Jong-il in 1987 explained that the Mass Games not only aim at fostering a particularly healthy and strong physique in 127 128 129 130 131 TAP005. TSH019. TAP005, TLC022. TLC031. Kim Jong-il, “On Further Improving Party Ideological Work: Concluding Speech at the National Meeting of Party Propagandists”, 8 March 1981. (Pyongyang, Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1989). Available from http://www.korea-dpr.com/lib/215.pdf. 47