Article 11 (Person in Charge of Preliminaries) Preliminaries shall be done by the investigator of the legal institution concerned. Article 12 (Person in Charge of Indictment) The indictment for a criminal action shall be done by the prosecutor. Article 13 (Person in Charge of Trial) Trials shall be conducted by a Court composed. The imposition of penalty shall be done by judgment of the Court. Article 14 (Person in Charge of Observation of Investigation, Preliminaries, Trial) The observation of investigation, preliminaries and trial shall be done by a prosecutor. Article 15 (Secrecy and Prohibition of Interference into Investigation of Criminal Actions) A person involved in a criminal action must keep secrets related to the handling of the criminal action and must not do anything to interfere with the handling of criminal actions. Article 16 (Reasons for Not Being Able to Participate in a Criminal Action According to Interest) A detective, investigator, prosecutor, judge, People’s Assessor, judicial clerk, scribe, expert witness, interpreter, translator, interpreter, or observer may not participate in the handling of a criminal action if they, their family or a person who is a relative is is the victim or criminal, or if they have an interest in the outcome of the criminal action concerned. Article 17 (Reasons for Not Being Able to Combine Criminal Action Duties) A detective, investigator, prosecutor, judge, People’s Assessor, judicial clerk, scribe, lawyer, witness, expert witness, claimant for compensation, interpreter, translator, interpreter, or observer may not combine each other’s duties in the handling of the criminal case concerned. However, a prosecutor or witness may be a claimant for compensation. A detective, investigator, prosecutor or judge may not be a person involved in the action for the action they were in charge of or were involved in even in cases where their work duties change. Article 18 (Reasons for Not Being Able to Conduct Preliminaries for the Same Case) In a case where violating the requirements of Article 166 of this law is the basis for the court returning the case, the investigator who was in charge of that case may not be in charge of those preliminaries again. Article 19 (Reasons for Not Being Able to Observe or Indict the Same Case Again)